619 lines
18 KiB
Markdown
619 lines
18 KiB
Markdown
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# PHP/Laravel Security Linter
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**[English](#english) | [日本語](#japanese)**
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---
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<a name="english"></a>
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## English
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A static security analysis tool for PHP and Laravel applications.
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Detects vulnerabilities through recursive taint analysis by tracking data flow across function calls.
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### Features
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- **Comprehensive Vulnerability Detection**: XSS, SQL Injection, Command Injection, Path Traversal, and more
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- **Recursive Taint Analysis**: Tracks how user input propagates through function calls
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- **Blade Template Analysis**: Laravel-specific `{!! !!}` syntax and context-aware XSS detection
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- **Smart Escape Detection**: Recognizes escape functions like `htmlspecialchars()`
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- **Escape Bypass Detection**: Detects escape invalidation by functions like `html_entity_decode()`
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- **Syntax Highlighting**: Color-coded code snippets in terminal output
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- **Multi-language Support**: Japanese/English message output
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### Installation
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#### Method 1: Docker (Recommended)
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No PHP or Composer environment required.
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```bash
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# Clone the repository
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git clone https://github.com/your-org/php-laravel-security-linter.git
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cd php-laravel-security-linter
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# Install (builds Docker image and installs command)
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./install.sh
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```
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After installation, use the `php-security-lint` command:
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```bash
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# Run in your project directory
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cd /path/to/your/laravel-project
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php-security-lint .
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php-security-lint app/ -s high
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```
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#### Method 2: Direct Execution
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Requires PHP 8.1+ and Composer.
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```bash
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git clone https://github.com/your-org/php-laravel-security-linter.git
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cd php-laravel-security-linter
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composer install
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php bin/security-lint /path/to/target
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```
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### Usage
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```bash
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# Analyze a single file
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php bin/security-lint path/to/file.php
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# Analyze a directory
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php bin/security-lint app/
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# Show high severity only
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php bin/security-lint app/ -s high
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# Show code context (3 lines)
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php bin/security-lint app/ -c
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# Show code context (5 lines)
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php bin/security-lint app/ -c 5
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# Output as JSON
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php bin/security-lint app/ -f json -o report.json
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# Output in English
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php bin/security-lint app/ -l en
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```
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### Options
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#### Output Options
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| Option | Description |
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|--------|-------------|
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| `-f, --format` | Output format: text, json, html, sarif, markdown |
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| `-s, --severity` | Minimum severity: low, medium, high, critical |
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| `-o, --output` | Output to file |
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| `-l, --lang` | Language: ja, en |
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| `-c, --context [N]` | Show N lines of code context (default: 3) |
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| `--verbose` | Show detailed information |
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| `-q, --quiet` | Suppress progress output |
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| `--no-colors` | Disable colored output |
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#### Exclude/Include Options
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| Option | Description |
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|--------|-------------|
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| `-e, --exclude` | Exclude pattern (can be used multiple times) |
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| `-i, --include` | Include pattern (overrides exclude) |
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| `--include-vendor` | Also analyze vendor directory |
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| `--include-tests` | Also analyze tests directory |
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| `--no-default-excludes` | Don't use default exclude patterns |
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| `--show-excluded` | Show excluded patterns |
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#### Analysis Options
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| Option | Description |
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|--------|-------------|
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| `-d, --recursive-depth` | Recursive analysis depth (default: 10) |
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### Default Exclude Patterns
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The following directories/patterns are excluded by default:
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- `vendor/*` - Composer dependencies
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- `node_modules/*` - npm dependencies
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- `storage/*` - Laravel storage
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- `bootstrap/cache/*` - Laravel cache
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- `public/vendor/*` - Public assets
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- `.git/*`, `.svn/*` - Version control
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- `tests/*` - Test files
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- `cache/*`, `tmp/*`, `temp/*` - Temporary files
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To include these in analysis, use `--include-vendor` or `--include-tests`, or disable all with `--no-default-excludes`.
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### Configuration File
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Place `.security-lint.json` in your project root to persist settings:
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```json
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{
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"severity": "medium",
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"format": "text",
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"lang": "en",
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"exclude": ["custom/legacy/*"],
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"include": ["vendor/my-company/*"],
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"includeVendor": false,
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"includeTests": false
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}
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```
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### Detectable Vulnerabilities
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#### XSS (Cross-Site Scripting)
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- Blade `{!! !!}` raw output
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- Output within JavaScript context
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- Output within event handler attributes
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- URL context (javascript: URLs)
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- Style injection
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- Template injection
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- Escape bypass functions
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- Dangerous hardcoded HTML
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#### SQL Injection
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- Tainted data in `DB::raw()`
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- Query construction via string concatenation
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- Direct PDO/MySQLi queries
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- Laravel Query Builder Raw methods
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#### Command Injection
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- `exec()`, `shell_exec()`, `system()`, etc.
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- `eval()`, `create_function()`, etc.
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- Dynamic file includes
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- Improper Symfony Process usage
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#### Path Traversal
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- Tainted paths in file operation functions
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- Tainted paths in Laravel Storage
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- File download/upload
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#### Authentication Security
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- Weak hash algorithms (MD5, SHA1)
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- Hardcoded credentials
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- Timing-vulnerable comparisons
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#### CSRF/Session
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- Missing CSRF tokens
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- Insecure session configuration
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- Session fixation
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#### Configuration Security
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- Debug output (phpinfo, var_dump)
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- Insecure unserialize
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- Sensitive information logging
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### Output Example
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```
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╔════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════╗
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║ PHP/Laravel Security Linter v1.0.0 ║
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╚════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════╝
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Analyzing: app/
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HIGH (2)
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────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
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[XSS] Blade's {!! !!} raw output may cause XSS vulnerability.
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📍 resources/views/user.blade.php:15
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┌─ user.blade.php
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│ 12 <div class="user-info">
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│ 13 <h2>{{ $user->name }}</h2>
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│ 14 <div class="bio">
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│ 15 ▶ {!! $userName !!}
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│ 16 </div>
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│ 17 </div>
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└─
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🏷️ CWE-79 | A7:2017-XSS
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💡 Use auto-escaped {{ }} instead.
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════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
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Summary
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────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
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Critical: 0
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High: 2
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Medium: 0
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Low: 0
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────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
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Total: 2
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Completed in 0.15 seconds
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```
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### Exit Codes
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| Code | Meaning |
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|------|---------|
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| 0 | No issues found |
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| 1 | Medium/low severity issues found |
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| 2 | Critical/high severity issues found |
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### CI/CD Integration
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#### GitHub Actions (Docker)
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```yaml
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name: Security Scan
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on: [push, pull_request]
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jobs:
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security-lint:
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runs-on: ubuntu-latest
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steps:
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- uses: actions/checkout@v4
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- name: Run Security Linter
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run: |
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docker run --rm -v ${{ github.workspace }}:/target \
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ghcr.io/your-org/php-security-linter:latest \
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/target -s high -f sarif -o /target/security.sarif
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- name: Upload SARIF
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uses: github/codeql-action/upload-sarif@v2
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with:
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sarif_file: security.sarif
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```
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#### GitLab CI
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```yaml
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security-lint:
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image: ghcr.io/your-org/php-security-linter:latest
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script:
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- security-lint . -s medium -f json -o security-report.json
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artifacts:
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reports:
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sast: security-report.json
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```
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### Docker Details
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#### Manual Docker Usage
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```bash
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# Build image
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docker build -t php-security-linter:latest .
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# Run (scan current directory)
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docker run --rm -v $(pwd):/target:ro php-security-linter:latest /target
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# With options
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docker run --rm -v $(pwd):/target:ro php-security-linter:latest \
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/target/app -s high -f json
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```
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#### Environment Variables
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| Variable | Description |
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|----------|-------------|
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| `PHP_SECURITY_LINT_IMAGE` | Docker image to use (default: php-security-linter:latest) |
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---
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<a name="japanese"></a>
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## 日本語
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PHP および Laravel アプリケーション向けの静的セキュリティ解析ツールです。
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再帰的なテイント解析により、関数呼び出しを通じた脆弱性を検出します。
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### 特徴
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- **包括的な脆弱性検出**: XSS、SQLインジェクション、コマンドインジェクション、パストラバーサルなど
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- **再帰的テイント解析**: ユーザー入力が関数を通じてどのように伝播するかを追跡
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- **Blade テンプレート解析**: Laravel 特有の `{!! !!}` 構文やコンテキスト別XSS検出
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- **スマートなエスケープ検出**: `htmlspecialchars()` 等のエスケープ関数を認識
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- **エスケープ破壊の検出**: `html_entity_decode()` 等によるエスケープ無効化を検出
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- **シンタックスハイライト**: ターミナル出力でコードスニペットを色分け表示
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- **多言語対応**: 日本語/英語のメッセージ出力
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### インストール
|
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#### 方法1: Docker(推奨)
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|||
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|||
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PHPやComposerの環境構築なしで使用できます。
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|||
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|||
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```bash
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# リポジトリをクローン
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|||
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git clone https://github.com/your-org/php-laravel-security-linter.git
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cd php-laravel-security-linter
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# インストール (Dockerイメージのビルドとコマンドのインストール)
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./install.sh
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```
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インストール後は `php-security-lint` コマンドで使用できます:
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```bash
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# プロジェクトディレクトリで実行
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cd /path/to/your/laravel-project
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php-security-lint .
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|||
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php-security-lint app/ -s high
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|||
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```
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|||
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|
|||
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#### 方法2: 直接実行
|
|||
|
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|
|||
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PHP 8.1以上とComposerが必要です。
|
|||
|
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|
|||
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```bash
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|||
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git clone https://github.com/your-org/php-laravel-security-linter.git
|
|||
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cd php-laravel-security-linter
|
|||
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composer install
|
|||
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php bin/security-lint /path/to/target
|
|||
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```
|
|||
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|||
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### 使用方法
|
|||
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|||
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```bash
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|||
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# 単一ファイルの解析
|
|||
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php bin/security-lint path/to/file.php
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|||
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|||
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# ディレクトリの解析
|
|||
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php bin/security-lint app/
|
|||
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# 高重大度のみ表示
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|||
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php bin/security-lint app/ -s high
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# コードスニペット表示 (前後3行)
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|||
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php bin/security-lint app/ -c
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|||
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# コードスニペット表示 (前後5行)
|
|||
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php bin/security-lint app/ -c 5
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# JSON形式で出力
|
|||
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php bin/security-lint app/ -f json -o report.json
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
# 英語で出力
|
|||
|
|
php bin/security-lint app/ -l en
|
|||
|
|
```
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
### オプション
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
#### 出力オプション
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
| オプション | 説明 |
|
|||
|
|
|-----------|------|
|
|||
|
|
| `-f, --format` | 出力形式: text, json, html, sarif, markdown |
|
|||
|
|
| `-s, --severity` | 最小重大度: low, medium, high, critical |
|
|||
|
|
| `-o, --output` | ファイルに出力 |
|
|||
|
|
| `-l, --lang` | 言語: ja, en |
|
|||
|
|
| `-c, --context [N]` | 問題行の前後N行のコードスニペットを表示 (デフォルト: 3) |
|
|||
|
|
| `--verbose` | 詳細情報を表示 |
|
|||
|
|
| `-q, --quiet` | 進捗を非表示 |
|
|||
|
|
| `--no-colors` | カラー出力を無効化 |
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
#### 除外/包含オプション
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
| オプション | 説明 |
|
|||
|
|
|-----------|------|
|
|||
|
|
| `-e, --exclude` | 除外パターン (複数回使用可能) |
|
|||
|
|
| `-i, --include` | 包含パターン (除外を上書き) |
|
|||
|
|
| `--include-vendor` | vendor ディレクトリも解析 |
|
|||
|
|
| `--include-tests` | tests ディレクトリも解析 |
|
|||
|
|
| `--no-default-excludes` | デフォルト除外パターンを使用しない |
|
|||
|
|
| `--show-excluded` | 除外されるパターンを表示 |
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
#### 解析オプション
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
| オプション | 説明 |
|
|||
|
|
|-----------|------|
|
|||
|
|
| `-d, --recursive-depth` | 再帰解析の深度 (デフォルト: 10) |
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
### デフォルト除外パターン
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
以下のディレクトリ/パターンはデフォルトで除外されます:
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
- `vendor/*` - Composer 依存関係
|
|||
|
|
- `node_modules/*` - npm 依存関係
|
|||
|
|
- `storage/*` - Laravel ストレージ
|
|||
|
|
- `bootstrap/cache/*` - Laravel キャッシュ
|
|||
|
|
- `public/vendor/*` - 公開アセット
|
|||
|
|
- `.git/*`, `.svn/*` - バージョン管理
|
|||
|
|
- `tests/*` - テストファイル
|
|||
|
|
- `cache/*`, `tmp/*`, `temp/*` - 一時ファイル
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
これらを含めて解析したい場合は `--include-vendor` や `--include-tests` を使用するか、`--no-default-excludes` で全て無効化できます。
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
### 設定ファイル
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
プロジェクトルートに `.security-lint.json` を配置することで設定を永続化できます:
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
```json
|
|||
|
|
{
|
|||
|
|
"severity": "medium",
|
|||
|
|
"format": "text",
|
|||
|
|
"lang": "ja",
|
|||
|
|
"exclude": ["custom/legacy/*"],
|
|||
|
|
"include": ["vendor/my-company/*"],
|
|||
|
|
"includeVendor": false,
|
|||
|
|
"includeTests": false
|
|||
|
|
}
|
|||
|
|
```
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
### 検出可能な脆弱性
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
#### XSS (クロスサイトスクリプティング)
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
- Blade の `{!! !!}` 生出力
|
|||
|
|
- JavaScript コンテキスト内の出力
|
|||
|
|
- イベントハンドラ属性内の出力
|
|||
|
|
- URL コンテキスト (javascript: URL)
|
|||
|
|
- Style インジェクション
|
|||
|
|
- テンプレートインジェクション
|
|||
|
|
- エスケープ破壊関数の使用
|
|||
|
|
- 危険なハードコード HTML
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
#### SQLインジェクション
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
- `DB::raw()` への汚染データ
|
|||
|
|
- 文字列連結によるクエリ構築
|
|||
|
|
- PDO/MySQLi の直接クエリ
|
|||
|
|
- Laravel クエリビルダーの Raw メソッド
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
#### コマンドインジェクション
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
- `exec()`, `shell_exec()`, `system()` 等
|
|||
|
|
- `eval()`, `create_function()` 等
|
|||
|
|
- 動的ファイルインクルード
|
|||
|
|
- Symfony Process の不適切な使用
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
#### パストラバーサル
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
- ファイル操作関数への汚染パス
|
|||
|
|
- Laravel Storage への汚染パス
|
|||
|
|
- ファイルダウンロード/アップロード
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
#### 認証セキュリティ
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
- 弱いハッシュアルゴリズム (MD5, SHA1)
|
|||
|
|
- ハードコードされた認証情報
|
|||
|
|
- タイミング攻撃に脆弱な比較
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
#### CSRF/セッション
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
- CSRF トークンの欠落
|
|||
|
|
- 安全でないセッション設定
|
|||
|
|
- セッション固定化
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
#### 設定セキュリティ
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
- デバッグ出力 (phpinfo, var_dump)
|
|||
|
|
- 安全でない unserialize
|
|||
|
|
- 機密情報のログ出力
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
### 出力例
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
```
|
|||
|
|
╔════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════╗
|
|||
|
|
║ PHP/Laravel セキュリティリンター v1.0.0 ║
|
|||
|
|
╚════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════╝
|
|||
|
|
解析中: app/
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
HIGH (2)
|
|||
|
|
────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
[XSS] Blade の {!! !!} による生出力はXSSの脆弱性を引き起こす可能性があります。
|
|||
|
|
📍 resources/views/user.blade.php:15
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
┌─ user.blade.php
|
|||
|
|
│ 12 <div class="user-info">
|
|||
|
|
│ 13 <h2>{{ $user->name }}</h2>
|
|||
|
|
│ 14 <div class="bio">
|
|||
|
|
│ 15 ▶ {!! $userName !!}
|
|||
|
|
│ 16 </div>
|
|||
|
|
│ 17 </div>
|
|||
|
|
└─
|
|||
|
|
🏷️ CWE-79 | A7:2017-XSS
|
|||
|
|
💡 自動エスケープされる {{ }} を使用してください。
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
|
|||
|
|
サマリー
|
|||
|
|
────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
|
|||
|
|
クリティカル: 0
|
|||
|
|
高: 2
|
|||
|
|
中: 0
|
|||
|
|
低: 0
|
|||
|
|
────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
|
|||
|
|
合計: 2
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
0.15 秒で完了
|
|||
|
|
```
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
### 終了コード
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
| コード | 意味 |
|
|||
|
|
|--------|------|
|
|||
|
|
| 0 | 問題なし |
|
|||
|
|
| 1 | 中/低重大度の問題あり |
|
|||
|
|
| 2 | クリティカル/高重大度の問題あり |
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
### CI/CD 統合
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
#### GitHub Actions (Docker)
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
```yaml
|
|||
|
|
name: Security Scan
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
on: [push, pull_request]
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
jobs:
|
|||
|
|
security-lint:
|
|||
|
|
runs-on: ubuntu-latest
|
|||
|
|
steps:
|
|||
|
|
- uses: actions/checkout@v4
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
- name: Run Security Linter
|
|||
|
|
run: |
|
|||
|
|
docker run --rm -v ${{ github.workspace }}:/target \
|
|||
|
|
ghcr.io/your-org/php-security-linter:latest \
|
|||
|
|
/target -s high -f sarif -o /target/security.sarif
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
- name: Upload SARIF
|
|||
|
|
uses: github/codeql-action/upload-sarif@v2
|
|||
|
|
with:
|
|||
|
|
sarif_file: security.sarif
|
|||
|
|
```
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
#### GitLab CI
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
```yaml
|
|||
|
|
security-lint:
|
|||
|
|
image: ghcr.io/your-org/php-security-linter:latest
|
|||
|
|
script:
|
|||
|
|
- security-lint . -s medium -f json -o security-report.json
|
|||
|
|
artifacts:
|
|||
|
|
reports:
|
|||
|
|
sast: security-report.json
|
|||
|
|
```
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
### Docker 詳細
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
#### 手動でDockerを使用
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
```bash
|
|||
|
|
# イメージのビルド
|
|||
|
|
docker build -t php-security-linter:latest .
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
# 実行 (カレントディレクトリをスキャン)
|
|||
|
|
docker run --rm -v $(pwd):/target:ro php-security-linter:latest /target
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
# オプション付き
|
|||
|
|
docker run --rm -v $(pwd):/target:ro php-security-linter:latest \
|
|||
|
|
/target/app -s high -f json
|
|||
|
|
```
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
#### 環境変数
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
| 変数 | 説明 |
|
|||
|
|
|------|------|
|
|||
|
|
| `PHP_SECURITY_LINT_IMAGE` | 使用するDockerイメージ (デフォルト: php-security-linter:latest) |
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
---
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
## Documentation / ドキュメント
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
- [Detection Rules / 検出ルール詳細](docs/DETECTION_RULES.md)
|
|||
|
|
- [Quick Reference / クイックリファレンス](docs/QUICK_REFERENCE.md)
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
## License / ライセンス
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
MIT License
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
## References / 参考資料
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
- [OWASP Top 10](https://owasp.org/www-project-top-ten/)
|
|||
|
|
- [CWE/SANS Top 25](https://cwe.mitre.org/top25/)
|
|||
|
|
- [Laravel Security](https://laravel.com/docs/security)
|